Muhammad Gawan Prime Minister in the Bahamani Sultanate of Deccan

PRIME MINISTER MUHAMMED GAWAN (1453-81)

 

Gawan's Madrasa (Collage) : Bidar


Muhammad Gawan was born in 1411 at Gawan in Persia. He came To Bidar in 1453 as a merchant He joined the service of Ala-ud-din.

Later during Humayun's regime he became a loyal minister who worked With Rare Abilities. Gavan had to shoulder greater responsibilities during Niam shah's rule who was just eight years old when he succeeded Humayun.

The credit of successfully turning back an attack by the Sultan of Malwa during Nizam Shah's regime must go to Gavan.

Another Feather In his cap was the capture of Goa which was part of Vijayanagar Empire. He also put down a rebellion at Orissa and razed many temples To ground there and acquired the title Ghazi.

Muhammad Gavan was not just an able General. He was also an able Administrator and a patron of art and education. He introduced many Administrative reforms (See: Administration). In l461 he established a College at his own cost in Bidar called “Gawan’s Madrsa” and Established good library also though the Russian Traveler Niktin who Visited Bidar in 1470 has noted that the plight of the majority was awful.

He has praised the pomp and wealth of Bidar. He regarded Bidar as "an Important City of Islamic India. Muhammad Gawan was a hero of many Battles able administrator a scholar loyal and selfless ruler and a person Of Moral Integrity. But he was religious bigots.

The Fame of Gawan made many in the court jealous Especially Malik Hassan nursed a hatred for him. Envious nobles and the rich men together plotted. They stole the seal bearing his signature and misused it.

Gawan Was Charged With Reason. Sultan was angry by this and put him to death But later he learnt about the plot of his nobles and was struck with grief for putting to death an able and loyal servant. He died by this grief at the Age Of 29.

The Bahamani kingdom fell with the death of Gawan. In 1482 the Sultan Muhammad Shah II also died.

He was succeeded by his youngest Son Muhammad (1482- 1518).His 36 years of weak rule brought about The Decline of the Glory Of Bahamani kingdom.

The governors of various Provinces began to raise the banner of revolt. The man who was first to Take advantage of the weakness of the 12 year old boy Muhammad was Khasim Barid’ his spy officer.

He made Muhammad a puppet in his Hands and began his personal rule as Sultan. Governors of different Provinces like Yusuf Adil Shah of Bijapur and Malik Ahamad of Ahmadnagar became independent.

Inspired by them Imam-ul-Mulk at Birar and Kutub-ul-mulk of Golkonda also threw off the Bahamani yoke.

Inspite of these anxious developments, the Sultan was indulging in Sensual Pleasures. The only testimony for his existence was the repeated Jihad (religious war against idolaters) he used to wage against Vijayanagar.

 

Finally he died in 1518. The Successors Ahmad (1518-21). Ala-ud-din III and Walli-ulla were incompetent kings. Khasim Barid Established the Barid Shahi dynasty at Bidar and ruled for two years (1525-27). After his death Bahamani kingdom broke into five different Kingdoms. The Five kingdoms that came into existence at the end of the Bahamani rule were

 

1. The lmad Shahi dynasty at Birar 

         2. Nizam Shahi dynasty at Ahmadnagar  

 3. Adil Shahi dynasty at Bijapur      

   4. Kutub Shahi dynasty at Golkonda 

5. Barid Shahi dynasty at Bidar      

 

Gawan's Madrasa (Collage) : Bidar


 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Geographical Factors Bahmani Sultanate:1

Image
GEOGRAPHICAL FACTORS                     Mahmood Shah Bahmani II               MAN AND HIS SURROUNDINGS              THE proposition that there is an immediate relationship  Of Geography with the story of human experience needs No proof. This aspect of the question has, however, been overlooked by some historians and political scientists of Great note, and today one is apt to forget what a remarkable effect the configuration of the earth's crust, itself The effect of numerous causes has on the habits of the people and their ways of thought.   The tradition of Ibn-i-Khaldun stressing the effect of climate on human habitat was continued by Baron de Montesquieu in the eighteenth century, and thinkers began to lay down their ideas not in terms of An abstract "average" man who hardly ever existed, but in terms of the living man of flesh and...
Read more

Mahmud Gawan Administration

Image
Administration   Mahmud Gawan Madarsa (Collage) Though the Bahamani Sultans were generally busy in the battles, they organised a system of administration to suit their times. They were fortunate in deed to have the service of Mohammad Gawan as Prime Minister He was not only an able warrior but also a good administrator.   In fact the administrative set up made by Gawan was something better then they found it earlier. The kingdom was divided into eight provinces Viz. Gulburga, Bijapur, Daulatabad, Warangal, Rajamahendri, Mahore, Garnlla, Junar. The provincial governers were called Tarafdars. Land Tax was revised from time to time. Mohammad Gavan introduced revenue collection based on the extent and fertility of the land owned. He introduced several reforms in administration and created many new portfolios.     The important are as follows:   1. Vakil                ...
Read more

Bahmani Kingdom History

Image
  The   Bahmani Sultanate   ( Persian :   سلطان‌نشین بهمنی ;   Urdu :   بہمنی سلطنت ;   Marathi : बहामनी सल्तनत;   Kannada : ಬಹಮನಿ ಸುಲ್ತಾನರು;   Telugu : బహమనీ సామ్రాజ్యం; also called the   Bahmanid Empire   or   Bahmani Kingdom ) was a   Persianate   Sunni Muslim   empire of the   Deccan   in   South India .   It was the first independent Muslim kingdom of the Deccan. The sultanate was founded in 1347 by  Ala-ud-Din Bahman Shah . The Kingdom later split into five successor states that were collectively known as the  Deccan sultanates , that would eventually sack the  Vijayanagar  capital after the  Battle of Talikota .
Read more